REFEREED PUBLICATIONS
Books
Barma, Naazneen H. and Steven K. Vogel, eds. 2022. The Political Economy Reader: Contending Perspectives and Contemporary Debates. (2nd edition) New York: Routledge.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2017. The Peacebuilding Puzzle: Political Order in Post-Conflict States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [Open access]
Barma, Naazneen H., Elisabeth Huybens, and Lorena Viñuela, eds. 2014. Institutions Taking Root: Building State Capacity in Challenging Contexts. Washington, DC: The World Bank. [PDF copy]
Barma, Naazneen H., Kai Kaiser, Tuan Minh Le, and Lorena Viñuela. 2012. Rents to Riches? The Political Economy of Natural Resource-Led Development. Washington, DC: The World Bank. [PDF copy]
Barma, Naazneen H. and Steven K. Vogel, eds. 2008. The Political Economy Reader: Markets As Institutions. New York: Routledge.
Refereed Journal Articles
Barma, Naazneen H. and James Goldgeier. 2022. “How Not to Bridge the Gap in International Relations.” International Affairs 98 (5), September 2022: 1763–1781.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2021. “Do Petroleum Rents Fuel Conflict in Developing Countries? A Case Study of Political Instability in Timor-Leste.” Energy Research & Social Science 75 (May 2021).
Barma, Naazneen H., Naomi Levy, and Jessica Piombo. 2020. “The Impact of Aid Dynamics on State Effectiveness and Legitimacy.” Studies in Comparative International Development 55 (2), June 2020: 184–203.
Barma, Naazneen H., Naomi Levy, and Jessica R. Piombo. 2017. "Disentangling Aid Dynamics in Statebuilding and Peacebuilding: A Causal Framework.” International Peacekeeping 24 (2), April 2017: 187–211.
Barma, Naazneen H., Brent Durbin, Eric Lorber, and Rachel E. Whitlark. 2016. “Imagine a World in Which: Using Scenarios in Political Science.” International Studies Perspectives 17 (2), May 2016: 117–135.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2014. “The Rentier State at Work: Comparative Experiences of the Resource Curse in East Asia and the Pacific.” Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies 1 (2), May 2014: 257–272.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2012. “Peacebuilding and the Predatory Political Economy of Insecurity: Evidence from Cambodia, East Timor, and Afghanistan.” Conflict, Security & Development 12 (3), July 2012: 273–298.
Barma, Naazneen H., Giacomo Chiozza, Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber. 2009. “A World Without the West? Empirical Patterns and Theoretical Implications.” Chinese Journal of International Politics 2, October 2009: 577–596.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2006. “Brokered Democracy-Building: Developing Democracy Through Transitional Governance in Cambodia, East Timor, and Afghanistan.” IJMS: International Journal on Multicultural Societies 8(2), Fall 2006: 127–161.
Peer-Reviewed Book Chapters
Viñuela, Lorena, Naazneen H. Barma, and Elisabeth Huybens. 2014. “Overview—Institutions Taking Root: Building State Capacity in Challenging Contexts.” in Institutions Taking Root: Building State Capacity in Challenging Contexts, edited by Naazneen H. Barma, Elisabeth Huybens, and Lorena Viñuela, 1–33. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Barma, Naazneen H. and Stephanie Robert Oksen. 2014. “The Institution-Building Context in Lao PDR.” in Institutions Taking Root: Building State Capacity in Challenging Contexts, edited by Naazneen H. Barma, Elisabeth Huybens, and Lorena Viñuela, 111–118. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2014.
Barma, Naazneen H. and Stephanie Robert Oksen. 2014. “Lao PDR Case Study: Électricité du Laos.” in Institutions Taking Root: Building State Capacity in Challenging Contexts, edited by Naazneen H. Barma, Elisabeth Huybens, and Lorena Viñuela, 119–150. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2014.
Barma, Naazneen H. and Stephanie Robert Oksen. 2014. “Lao PDR Case Study: Ministry of Public Works and Transport.” in Institutions Taking Root: Building State Capacity in Challenging Contexts, edited by Naazneen H. Barma, Elisabeth Huybens, and Lorena Viñuela, 151–178. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2014.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2012. “Petroleum, Governance, and Fragility: The Micro Politics of Petroleum in Post-Conflict States.” in Beyond the Resource Curse, edited by Brenda Shaffer and Taleh Ziyadov, 330–351. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2006. “The Emerging Economies in the Digital Era: Market Places, Market Players, and Market Makers.” in How Revolutionary was the Digital Revolution? National Responses, Market Transitions, and Global Technology, edited by John Zysman and Abe Newman, 148–170. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Peer-Reviewed Analytical Reports and Papers
Barma, Naazneen H. and Jana Orac. 2014. “Tailoring Civil Service Pay Analysis and Advice to Context: Challenges, Approaches, and the Case of Lao PDR.” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Series # 6744. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2010. Lao PDR Civil Service Pay and Compensation Review: Attracting and Motivating Civil Servants. Report No. 58018-LA, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Unit, East Asia and Pacific Region. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Nunberg, Barbara, Naazneen H. Barma, Mark Abdollahian, Amanda Green, and Deborah Perlman. 2010. “At the Frontier of Practical Political Economy: Operationalizing an Agent-Based Stakeholder Model in the World Bank’s East Asia and Pacific Region.” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Series # 5176. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Manning, Nick with Naazneen H. Barma, Jean Blondel, Elsa Pilichowski, and Vincent Wright. 1999. Strategic Decisionmaking in Cabinet Government: Institutional Underpinnings and Obstacles. Sector Studies Series. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
NON-REFEREED PUBLICATIONS
Journal Articles
Barma, Naazneen H. 2017. “Why Dependence on Postconflict Elites Causes Peacebuilding Failures.” Governance: An International Journal of Policy, Administration, and Institutions 30 (1), January 2017: 7–9.
Barma, Naazneen H., Ely Ratner, and Regine Spector 2009. “Open Authoritarian Regimes: Surviving and Thriving in the Liberal International Order.” Project Description. Democracy & Society 6 (2), Spring 2009: 8–11.
Book Chapters
Barma, Naazneen H. 2007. “Failed State.” in Encyclopedia of Governance, edited by Mark Bevir, 307–308. New York: SAGE Publications.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2007. “Regional Development Bank.” in Encyclopedia of Governance, edited by Mark Bevir, 806–807. New York: SAGE Publications.
Book Reviews
Barma, Naazneen H. 2021. Introduction to roundtable review of Rebecca Lissner and Mira Rapp-Hooper, An Open World: How America Can Win the Contest for Twenty-First-Century Order (Yale University Press, 2020). H-Diplo ISSF Roundtable 13–1, September 17, 2021: 2–5.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2021. “This Book Explains When Peacekeeping Works — and When it Doesn’t.” Review of Severine Autesserre, The Frontlines of Peace: An Insider’s Guide to Changing the World. The Monkey Cage, Washington Post online, August 20, 2021.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2020. Book review of Pamina Firchow, Reclaiming Everyday Peace: Local Voices in Measurement and Evaluation After War (Cambridge University Press, 2018). Perspectives on Politics 18 (3): 1001–1003.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2019. Book review of Susanna P. Campbell, Global Governance and Local Peace: Accountability and Performance in International Peacebuilding (Cambridge University Press, 2018). H-Diplo ISSF Roundtable X (24): 5–8
Policy Journal Pieces
Barma, Naazneen H., Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber. 2013. “The Mythical Liberal Order.” The National Interest 124, March/April 2013: 56–67.
Barma, Naazneen H., Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber. 2007. “A World Without the West.” The National Interest 90, July/August 2007: 23–30
Weber, Steven, Naazneen H. Barma, Matthew Kroenig, and Ely Ratner. 2007. “How Globalization Went Bad.” Foreign Policy, January/February 2007: 48–54.
Barma, Naazneen H. and Ely Ratner. 2006. “China’s Illiberal Challenge.” Democracy: A Journal of Ideas Issue 2, Fall 2006: 56–68.
Commentary
Barma, Naazneen H. and James Goldgeier. 2022. “How Not to Bridge the Gap in International Relations.” International Affairs blog, September 23, 2022.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2020. “The Leaky Pipeline.” Represent Series, Defense 360, Center for Strategic and International Studies, October 27, 2020.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2020. “Authoritarianism’s Third Wave.” Noema Magazine online, June 25, 2020.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2020. “Mentoring is What you Make of It.” Duck of Minerva online, June 11, 2020.
Barma, Naazneen, Brent Durbin, and Andrea Kendall-Taylor. 2020. “Digital Authoritarianism: Finding Our Way Out of the Darkness.” War on the Rocks online, February 10, 2020.
Piombo, Jessica, Naazneen H. Barma, and Naomi Levy. 2019. “The Puzzle of International Intervention in Conflict-Affected States.” Owl in the Olive Tree, Minerva Research Initiative blog, December 17, 2019.
Barma, Naazneen H., Brent Durbin, and Steven Weber. 2019. "What the Super Bowl Can Teach Us About Foreign Policy." The Monkey Cage, Washington Post online, February 3, 2019.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2017. "Darkness Falls in Cambodia." Duck of Minerva online, September 28, 2017.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2016. “Scenario Analysis and Political Science.” OUPblog: Oxford University Press’s Academic Insights for the Thinking World online, August 28, 2016.
Barma, Naazneen H., Elisabeth Huybens, and Lorena Viñuela. 2015. “Strategies to Build State Institutions in Challenging Contexts.” Fragile States online, February 10, 2015.
Barma, Naazneen H., Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber. 2014. “Wishing Away the World Without the West.” Monkey Cage, Washington Post online, November 19, 2014.
Barma, Naazneen H., Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber. 2014. “Welcome to the World Without the West.” The National Interest online, November 12, 2014.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2014. “Mixed Blessings.” Advance: Essays, Opinions and Ideas on Public Policy, September 2014: 4–5.
Barma, Naazneen H., Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber. 2008. “Chinese Ways.” Letter to the Editor, Foreign Affairs 87(3), May/June 2008.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2007. “The Power of One.” Greater Good Vol. IV(1), Spring/Summer 2007.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2006. “Join the Club.” Greater Good Vol. III(2), Fall/Winter 2006–07.
Ratner, Ely and Naazneen H. Barma. 2006. “The Symptoms of Oil Withdrawal.” Op-ed in the San Francisco Chronicle, May 28, 2006.
Policy Papers and Reports
Barma, Naazneen H. 2012. “The Political Economy of Extracting Resource Wealth: Natural Resource Sector Organization and Ownership.” Public Sector Governance Group Working Paper 70308. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Barma, Naazneen H., Kai Kaiser, and Lorena Viñuela. 2012. “Rents to Riches? Factoring in the Political Economy of Natural Resource-Led Development.” Public Sector Governance Group Working Paper 70307. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Barma, Naazneen H., Verena Fritz, and William Rex. 2010. “Governance of Natural Resource Management in Lao PDR: A Value Chain Perspective.” Background paper for Lao PDR Country Economic Memorandum: Natural Resource Management for Sustainable Growth. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Anderson, Catherine, Naazneen Barma, and Douglas Porter. 2010. “Petroleum Sector Management in Timor-Leste: A Value Chain Perspective on Issues and Priorities for World Bank Engagement.” Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Unit, East Asia and Pacific Region. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Barma, Naazneen H. and Steven Weber. 2003. “Open Source and Free Software: Development and Policy Implications.” Draft of Chapter 4 in UNCTAD E-commerce and Development Report 2003. New York: United Nations.
Books
Barma, Naazneen H. and Steven K. Vogel, eds. 2022. The Political Economy Reader: Contending Perspectives and Contemporary Debates. (2nd edition) New York: Routledge.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2017. The Peacebuilding Puzzle: Political Order in Post-Conflict States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [Open access]
Barma, Naazneen H., Elisabeth Huybens, and Lorena Viñuela, eds. 2014. Institutions Taking Root: Building State Capacity in Challenging Contexts. Washington, DC: The World Bank. [PDF copy]
Barma, Naazneen H., Kai Kaiser, Tuan Minh Le, and Lorena Viñuela. 2012. Rents to Riches? The Political Economy of Natural Resource-Led Development. Washington, DC: The World Bank. [PDF copy]
Barma, Naazneen H. and Steven K. Vogel, eds. 2008. The Political Economy Reader: Markets As Institutions. New York: Routledge.
Refereed Journal Articles
Barma, Naazneen H. and James Goldgeier. 2022. “How Not to Bridge the Gap in International Relations.” International Affairs 98 (5), September 2022: 1763–1781.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2021. “Do Petroleum Rents Fuel Conflict in Developing Countries? A Case Study of Political Instability in Timor-Leste.” Energy Research & Social Science 75 (May 2021).
Barma, Naazneen H., Naomi Levy, and Jessica Piombo. 2020. “The Impact of Aid Dynamics on State Effectiveness and Legitimacy.” Studies in Comparative International Development 55 (2), June 2020: 184–203.
Barma, Naazneen H., Naomi Levy, and Jessica R. Piombo. 2017. "Disentangling Aid Dynamics in Statebuilding and Peacebuilding: A Causal Framework.” International Peacekeeping 24 (2), April 2017: 187–211.
Barma, Naazneen H., Brent Durbin, Eric Lorber, and Rachel E. Whitlark. 2016. “Imagine a World in Which: Using Scenarios in Political Science.” International Studies Perspectives 17 (2), May 2016: 117–135.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2014. “The Rentier State at Work: Comparative Experiences of the Resource Curse in East Asia and the Pacific.” Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies 1 (2), May 2014: 257–272.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2012. “Peacebuilding and the Predatory Political Economy of Insecurity: Evidence from Cambodia, East Timor, and Afghanistan.” Conflict, Security & Development 12 (3), July 2012: 273–298.
Barma, Naazneen H., Giacomo Chiozza, Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber. 2009. “A World Without the West? Empirical Patterns and Theoretical Implications.” Chinese Journal of International Politics 2, October 2009: 577–596.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2006. “Brokered Democracy-Building: Developing Democracy Through Transitional Governance in Cambodia, East Timor, and Afghanistan.” IJMS: International Journal on Multicultural Societies 8(2), Fall 2006: 127–161.
Peer-Reviewed Book Chapters
Viñuela, Lorena, Naazneen H. Barma, and Elisabeth Huybens. 2014. “Overview—Institutions Taking Root: Building State Capacity in Challenging Contexts.” in Institutions Taking Root: Building State Capacity in Challenging Contexts, edited by Naazneen H. Barma, Elisabeth Huybens, and Lorena Viñuela, 1–33. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Barma, Naazneen H. and Stephanie Robert Oksen. 2014. “The Institution-Building Context in Lao PDR.” in Institutions Taking Root: Building State Capacity in Challenging Contexts, edited by Naazneen H. Barma, Elisabeth Huybens, and Lorena Viñuela, 111–118. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2014.
Barma, Naazneen H. and Stephanie Robert Oksen. 2014. “Lao PDR Case Study: Électricité du Laos.” in Institutions Taking Root: Building State Capacity in Challenging Contexts, edited by Naazneen H. Barma, Elisabeth Huybens, and Lorena Viñuela, 119–150. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2014.
Barma, Naazneen H. and Stephanie Robert Oksen. 2014. “Lao PDR Case Study: Ministry of Public Works and Transport.” in Institutions Taking Root: Building State Capacity in Challenging Contexts, edited by Naazneen H. Barma, Elisabeth Huybens, and Lorena Viñuela, 151–178. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2014.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2012. “Petroleum, Governance, and Fragility: The Micro Politics of Petroleum in Post-Conflict States.” in Beyond the Resource Curse, edited by Brenda Shaffer and Taleh Ziyadov, 330–351. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2006. “The Emerging Economies in the Digital Era: Market Places, Market Players, and Market Makers.” in How Revolutionary was the Digital Revolution? National Responses, Market Transitions, and Global Technology, edited by John Zysman and Abe Newman, 148–170. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Peer-Reviewed Analytical Reports and Papers
Barma, Naazneen H. and Jana Orac. 2014. “Tailoring Civil Service Pay Analysis and Advice to Context: Challenges, Approaches, and the Case of Lao PDR.” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Series # 6744. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2010. Lao PDR Civil Service Pay and Compensation Review: Attracting and Motivating Civil Servants. Report No. 58018-LA, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Unit, East Asia and Pacific Region. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Nunberg, Barbara, Naazneen H. Barma, Mark Abdollahian, Amanda Green, and Deborah Perlman. 2010. “At the Frontier of Practical Political Economy: Operationalizing an Agent-Based Stakeholder Model in the World Bank’s East Asia and Pacific Region.” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Series # 5176. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Manning, Nick with Naazneen H. Barma, Jean Blondel, Elsa Pilichowski, and Vincent Wright. 1999. Strategic Decisionmaking in Cabinet Government: Institutional Underpinnings and Obstacles. Sector Studies Series. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
NON-REFEREED PUBLICATIONS
Journal Articles
Barma, Naazneen H. 2017. “Why Dependence on Postconflict Elites Causes Peacebuilding Failures.” Governance: An International Journal of Policy, Administration, and Institutions 30 (1), January 2017: 7–9.
Barma, Naazneen H., Ely Ratner, and Regine Spector 2009. “Open Authoritarian Regimes: Surviving and Thriving in the Liberal International Order.” Project Description. Democracy & Society 6 (2), Spring 2009: 8–11.
Book Chapters
Barma, Naazneen H. 2007. “Failed State.” in Encyclopedia of Governance, edited by Mark Bevir, 307–308. New York: SAGE Publications.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2007. “Regional Development Bank.” in Encyclopedia of Governance, edited by Mark Bevir, 806–807. New York: SAGE Publications.
Book Reviews
Barma, Naazneen H. 2021. Introduction to roundtable review of Rebecca Lissner and Mira Rapp-Hooper, An Open World: How America Can Win the Contest for Twenty-First-Century Order (Yale University Press, 2020). H-Diplo ISSF Roundtable 13–1, September 17, 2021: 2–5.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2021. “This Book Explains When Peacekeeping Works — and When it Doesn’t.” Review of Severine Autesserre, The Frontlines of Peace: An Insider’s Guide to Changing the World. The Monkey Cage, Washington Post online, August 20, 2021.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2020. Book review of Pamina Firchow, Reclaiming Everyday Peace: Local Voices in Measurement and Evaluation After War (Cambridge University Press, 2018). Perspectives on Politics 18 (3): 1001–1003.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2019. Book review of Susanna P. Campbell, Global Governance and Local Peace: Accountability and Performance in International Peacebuilding (Cambridge University Press, 2018). H-Diplo ISSF Roundtable X (24): 5–8
Policy Journal Pieces
Barma, Naazneen H., Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber. 2013. “The Mythical Liberal Order.” The National Interest 124, March/April 2013: 56–67.
Barma, Naazneen H., Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber. 2007. “A World Without the West.” The National Interest 90, July/August 2007: 23–30
Weber, Steven, Naazneen H. Barma, Matthew Kroenig, and Ely Ratner. 2007. “How Globalization Went Bad.” Foreign Policy, January/February 2007: 48–54.
Barma, Naazneen H. and Ely Ratner. 2006. “China’s Illiberal Challenge.” Democracy: A Journal of Ideas Issue 2, Fall 2006: 56–68.
Commentary
Barma, Naazneen H. and James Goldgeier. 2022. “How Not to Bridge the Gap in International Relations.” International Affairs blog, September 23, 2022.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2020. “The Leaky Pipeline.” Represent Series, Defense 360, Center for Strategic and International Studies, October 27, 2020.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2020. “Authoritarianism’s Third Wave.” Noema Magazine online, June 25, 2020.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2020. “Mentoring is What you Make of It.” Duck of Minerva online, June 11, 2020.
Barma, Naazneen, Brent Durbin, and Andrea Kendall-Taylor. 2020. “Digital Authoritarianism: Finding Our Way Out of the Darkness.” War on the Rocks online, February 10, 2020.
Piombo, Jessica, Naazneen H. Barma, and Naomi Levy. 2019. “The Puzzle of International Intervention in Conflict-Affected States.” Owl in the Olive Tree, Minerva Research Initiative blog, December 17, 2019.
Barma, Naazneen H., Brent Durbin, and Steven Weber. 2019. "What the Super Bowl Can Teach Us About Foreign Policy." The Monkey Cage, Washington Post online, February 3, 2019.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2017. "Darkness Falls in Cambodia." Duck of Minerva online, September 28, 2017.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2016. “Scenario Analysis and Political Science.” OUPblog: Oxford University Press’s Academic Insights for the Thinking World online, August 28, 2016.
Barma, Naazneen H., Elisabeth Huybens, and Lorena Viñuela. 2015. “Strategies to Build State Institutions in Challenging Contexts.” Fragile States online, February 10, 2015.
Barma, Naazneen H., Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber. 2014. “Wishing Away the World Without the West.” Monkey Cage, Washington Post online, November 19, 2014.
Barma, Naazneen H., Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber. 2014. “Welcome to the World Without the West.” The National Interest online, November 12, 2014.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2014. “Mixed Blessings.” Advance: Essays, Opinions and Ideas on Public Policy, September 2014: 4–5.
Barma, Naazneen H., Ely Ratner, and Steven Weber. 2008. “Chinese Ways.” Letter to the Editor, Foreign Affairs 87(3), May/June 2008.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2007. “The Power of One.” Greater Good Vol. IV(1), Spring/Summer 2007.
Barma, Naazneen H. 2006. “Join the Club.” Greater Good Vol. III(2), Fall/Winter 2006–07.
Ratner, Ely and Naazneen H. Barma. 2006. “The Symptoms of Oil Withdrawal.” Op-ed in the San Francisco Chronicle, May 28, 2006.
Policy Papers and Reports
Barma, Naazneen H. 2012. “The Political Economy of Extracting Resource Wealth: Natural Resource Sector Organization and Ownership.” Public Sector Governance Group Working Paper 70308. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Barma, Naazneen H., Kai Kaiser, and Lorena Viñuela. 2012. “Rents to Riches? Factoring in the Political Economy of Natural Resource-Led Development.” Public Sector Governance Group Working Paper 70307. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Barma, Naazneen H., Verena Fritz, and William Rex. 2010. “Governance of Natural Resource Management in Lao PDR: A Value Chain Perspective.” Background paper for Lao PDR Country Economic Memorandum: Natural Resource Management for Sustainable Growth. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Anderson, Catherine, Naazneen Barma, and Douglas Porter. 2010. “Petroleum Sector Management in Timor-Leste: A Value Chain Perspective on Issues and Priorities for World Bank Engagement.” Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Unit, East Asia and Pacific Region. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Barma, Naazneen H. and Steven Weber. 2003. “Open Source and Free Software: Development and Policy Implications.” Draft of Chapter 4 in UNCTAD E-commerce and Development Report 2003. New York: United Nations.